Methamphetamine is a powerfully addictive stimulant that dramatically affects the central nervous system. High doses lead to enhanced stimulation of the central nervous system and induce euphoria, alertness and a sense of increased energy. Methamphetamine is commonly known as "speed," "meth," and "chalk." In its smoked form, it is often referred to as "ice," "crystal," "crank," and "glass." It is a white, odorless, bitter-tasting crystalline powder that easily dissolves in water or alcohol. The drug was developed early in this century from its parent drug, amphetamine, and was used originally in nasal decongestants and bronchial inhalers. Methamphetamine's chemical structure is similar to that of amphetamine, but it has more pronounced effects on the central nervous system. Like amphetamine, it causes increased activity, decreased appetite, and a general sense of well-being. The effects of methamphetamine can last 6 to 8 hours. After the initial "rush," there is typically a state of high agitation that in some individuals can lead to violent behavior. Methamphetamine can be detected in urine up to 3 days after use.

The so-called “club drug” MDMA is a synthetic, psychoactive drug chemically related to methamphetamine but with greater hallucinogenic properties. MDMA, also known as ecstacy or X, is taken orally, usually in tablets or capsules of 80 – 150 mg. The effects of the drug last 4 to 6 hours following oral administration. Like methamphetamine, adverse effects of MDMA include elevated blood pressure, hyperthermia, anxiety, paranoia and insomnia. MDMA overdoses can be fatal, often the result of heart failure or extreme heat stroke. MDMA is detectable in the urine for up to 3 days after use.

Derived from the leaves of the coca plant, cocaine is a potent central nervous system stimulant and local anesthetic. Physical and psychological effects of cocaine use include increased heart rate, fever, pupil dilation, diaphoresis, euphoria and increased energy. Common street names include “blow”, “snow”, “coke”, “flake”, “crack”. Cocaine may be detected in urine up to 3 days after use.